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Adaptation to Climate Change and the Role of Agrobiodiversity Organic Eprints
Kotschi, Johannes.
The world’s biological diversity is eroding. This concerns in particular the entire agri-cultural diversity of genes, species and their agrarian ecosystems, the resource base for food. With species becoming extinct, mankind is jeopardised. With climate change becoming reality, genetic resources are getting a new value as they are of vital impor-tance for adaptation. This calls for a revision of present conservation approaches. Emphasis has to be placed on in-situ conservation in order to allow a maximum of species conserved and to enable species adaptation to environmental change.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Food security; Food quality and human health Breeding; Genetics and propagation Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://orgprints.org/9440/1/9440_Kotschi_Poster.pdf
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Agrobiodiversity is essential for coping with climate change Organic Eprints
Kotschi, Johannes.
Agricultural biodiversity and climate change are rarely discussed in the same context. However, there are close mutual links. Biodiversity is reduced through climate change and – at the same time – is a strategic resource for coping with its consequences: The entirety of plants, animals and microorganisms in agricultural ecosystems and their genetic diversity represent the re-source base for food. With genetic resources gaining a new quality, present conservation approaches have to be re-vised. Instead of ex-situ conservation in gene banks a broader concept has to be envisaged which emphasises farmer conservation and is complemented by gene banks. The reason is twofold: As future needs are unknown, a maximum of genetic resources has to be conserved at...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Food security; Food quality and human health Breeding; Genetics and propagation Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://orgprints.org/13214/1/kotschi%2D2008%2Dclimate%2Dagorbio.pdf
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An overnational cereal circuit for developing locally adapted organic seeds of wheat Organic Eprints
Müller, Karl-Josef; Kunz, Peter; Spieß, Hartmut H.; Heyden, Bertold; Irion, Eckart; Karutz, Christine.
On several locations in Germany and Switzerland, new and local varieties of winter wheat were compared to the variety "Bussard" in trial plots with 2-4 replications. Among other parameters, baking quality and gluten content were analised and discussed.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Food security; Food quality and human health Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Breeding; Genetics and propagation Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://orgprints.org/662/2/mueller%2Dk%2Dj%2D2000%2Difoam%2Dbasel%2Den.pdf
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Cereal cultivars innovations adapted to organic production: A new challenge Organic Eprints
Desclaux, D.; Chiffoleau, Y.; Dreyfus, F.; Mouret, J.C..
To face and better manage the development of new varieties in a society calling for more and more transparency, the French National Research Institute (INRA) has get involved in an ambitious reflexive program about the question of "impacts, acceptability and management of varietal innovations" engaging all its thematic research departments. New collaboration between social and technical sciences are promoted to produce, from exemplary case studies, generic concepts and tools to assess the different types of impact of a new variety. Breeding and management of new genetic materials adapted to organic farming conditions constitute an appropriate theme to develop such an integrated process. A pluridisciplinary research team, associating plant breeders, soil...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Breeding; Genetics and propagation Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://orgprints.org/6489/1/berlin%2Dresume.pdf
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Das agronomische Potential von Winterweizen Evolutionsramschen in verschiedenen Anbausystemen Organic Eprints
Weedon, Odette; Finckh, Maria Renate.
Unvorhersehbare und zunehmend unsichere klimatische Bedingungen werden nicht nur abiotische (Hitze, Trockenheit) sondern auch biotische Stressfaktoren (unberechenbares und zunehmendes Auftreten von Pathogenen und Schädlingen) auf die Kulturpflanzen erhöhen. Externe Inputs alleine können diese Probleme nicht entschärfen. Zukünftige landwirtschaftliche Systeme müssen deutlich flexibler auf Stress reagieren können. Vor allem innerhalb ökologischer low-input Anbausysteme hat die Züchtung von Evolutionsramschen, die auf der Herstellung heterogener, evolvierender Composite Cross Populationen (CCPs) basiert, zunehmende Aufmerksamkeit geweckt. Die Vorteile solch genetisch vielfältiger Populationen umfassen u.a. flexiblere Reaktionen auf Stressfaktoren, die...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Breeding; Genetics and propagation Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://orgprints.org/36206/1/Beitrag_279_final_a.pdf
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Die ökologische Leistung pflanzengenetischer Ressourcen aus biologisch-dynamischer Sicht [Ecological goods and services of plant genetic resources from the bio-dynamic point of view] Organic Eprints
Müller, Karl-Josef.
Aufbauend auf ihrem einzigartigen ökologischen Wert verdient es jede Eigenart einer Pflanze, erhalten zu werden, sei es ex situ oder in situ. An den Beispielen Nackthafer, Sommergerste, Winterweizen und Einkorn werden unterschiedliche Forschungsaktivitäten aufgezeigt.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Breeding; Genetics and propagation Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://orgprints.org/664/1/mueller%2Dk%2Dj%2D2001%2Dpgr.pdf
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Disease severity and grain yield of spring barley variety mixtures grown under organic and conventional conditions Organic Eprints
Østergård, H.; Kristensen, K.; Hovmøller, M.S.; Jensen, J.W..
Despite quite intensive testing of varieties, predictions of future performance of varieties, when grown on specific locations, are known to be nearly impossible; this especially within organic growing systems, where no pesticides and fertilizers can help stabilize yield. Therefore, using mixtures of appropriate varieties might be a way to obtain more stable and acceptable yields. Variety mixtures have so far been studied mostly under conventional farming conditions and focus has often been to characterize disease progress of one pathogen. Here we consider simultaneously four important foliar diseases on spring barley grown in organic as well as conventional growing systems. Further, we study the changes in disease severity of variety mixtures when...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Crop combinations and interactions Breeding; Genetics and propagation Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://orgprints.org/8145/1/8145.pdf
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Genetic potential for grain yield in spring barley varieties and variety mixtures in variable organic environments Organic Eprints
Østergård, Hanne; Kristensen, Kristian; Hovmøller, Mogens; Willas, Jakob.
For organic crop production, well-characterised varieties increase the possibilities for controlling diseases and weeds and compensating for deficits in nutrients. Variation in grain yield was studied in about 150 spring barley varieties and variety mixtures and 20 combinations of location, growing system and year. Choice of variety was found to be as important a factor for grain yield as other factors in the management. Some variety mixtures out yielded even the best variety in the mixture, when this was grown in pure stand. Finally, a concept for organic variety testing of spring barley was developed. This Danish project is part of a European COST Network on sustainable low-input cereal production (SUSVAR) which coordinates studies in different countries...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Regulation Crop combinations and interactions Weed management Breeding; Genetics and propagation Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://orgprints.org/8136/1/Hanne_Oestergaard_spring_barley_varieties.pdf
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Heterogene Weizenpopulationen als Alternative zu kommerziellen Sorten unter ökologischem Management Organic Eprints
Weedon, Odette; Schmidt, Jan-Henrik; Finckh, Maria Renate.
Interest in heterogeneous crop populations is growing within both the scientific community, as well as with organic farmers. In order to ensure widespread acceptance amongst farmers, agronomic testing of currently available composite cross populations (CCPs) under organic management is necessary. Eleven CCPs were compared to five commercially grown varieties in a two-year field experiment under organic management (2016/17 and 2017/18). The results over the two experimental years indicate that CCPs are a viable and interesting alternative to commercial varieties within organic farming systems.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Crop health; Quality; Protection Breeding; Genetics and propagation Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://orgprints.org/36208/1/Beitrag_281_final_a.pdf
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Il ruolo degli agricoltori custodi (seed savers) nel recupero della biodiversità maidicola Organic Eprints
Gamba, Ursula.
La biodiversità è un indicatore della salute dell'ambiente ed è la principale risorsa naturale a subire gli imprevedibili cambiamenti climatici. Molta biodiversità è stata persa: questo aspetto è meglio conoscito come erosione genetica. La riduzione della biodiversità è determinata sia dall'attività umana che dai naturali processi evolutivi. Istituti di ricerca, governi regionali e associazioni non governative lavorano a diversi livelli per preservare molte specie in via d'estinzione. Ci sono molte associazioni di agricoltori custodi (seed savers) nel mondo che stanno ricercando e conservando cultivars locali di piante. Il C.R.A.B. ha identificato sette cultivars locali di mais in Piemonte (Pignoletto giallo, Pignoletto rosso, Ostenga, Nostrano...
Tipo: Journal paper Palavras-chave: Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Breeding; Genetics and propagation Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://orgprints.org/15246/1/bollettino_03_07_seed_savers.pdf
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Leistungsprüfung offen-abblühender Maispopulationen Organic Eprints
Eder, Barbara; Vollenweider, Carl; Buhmann, Kathrin; Spieß, Hartmut; Trautwein, Friedhilde; Vogt-Kaute, Werner; Ebert, Ulrich; Horneburg, Bernd; Völkle, Herbert; Rost, Stefanie.
Auf modernem Zuchtmaterial basierende, offen-abblühende Maispopulationen könnten vor allem für ökologische und Low-Input Anbausysteme eine alternative zu Hybriden darstellen. Im Rahmen des zeitlich befristeten Experiments 2014/150/EU der EU-Kommission wurden 2016 fünf moderne Maispopulationen vom Bundessortenamt zugelassen. In einem BÖLN-Projekt wurden in 2017 und 2018 Leistungsprüfungen aller zugelassenen Maispopulationen (mit Hybriden als Referenzsorten) unter konventionellen und  ökologischen Anbaubedingungen durchgeführt. Wir stellen die Ergebnisse dieser Leistungsprüfungen vor, ziehen Schlussfolgerungen über das agronomische Potential von Maispopulationen und diskutieren zukünftige Perspektiven.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Breeding; Genetics and propagation Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://orgprints.org/36175/1/Beitrag_248_final_a.pdf
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Von der Züchtung zum Mehl: Strategien zur breiten Akzeptanz heterogener Winterweizenpopulationen entlang der Wertschöpfungskette Organic Eprints
Weedon, Odette; Schmidt, Jan-Henrik; Finckh, Maria Renate; Siegmeier, Torsten; Vollenweider, Carl; Spiess, Hartmut; Berlich, Verena; Burwitz, Lea; Timaeus, Johannes.
Heterogeneous crop populations such as composite cross populations (CCPs) have recently been gaining attention, both in the scientific community and with practitioners, particularly for use within organic and low-input agricultural systems. Genetically diverse populations are capable of reacting to unpredictable environmental conditions and of adapting to specific environmental conditions such as future farming systems focussed on reducing external inputs and optimising ecosystem services. Despite the growing interest and legislative support, widespread adoption and acceptance of CCPs throughout the value chain has been slow. The aim of the workshop is to allow participants to explore and identify possible internal and external opportunities and threats...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Produce chain management Breeding; Genetics and propagation Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2019
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Wertprüfung der in Deutschland zugelassenen Winterweizen-Populationen Organic Eprints
Vollenweider, Carl; Spieß, Hartmut; Scherrer, Bettina; Klause, Stefan; Martis, Sabine; Schmehe, Ben; Szabo, Lilla; Locher, Michael; Weyermann, Verena.
Mit dem Durchführungsbeschluss 2014/150/EU fordert die Europäische Kommission die Organisation eines zeitlich befristeten Experiments, welches Ausnahmen in Bezug auf das Inverkehrbringen von heterogenem Pflanzenmaterial zulässt. Das als Populationen bezeichnete heterogene Material muss die DUS-Kriterien der regulären Sortenzulassung nicht erfüllen. Stattdessen wird im Durchführungsbeschluss ein Mindestmaß für die Heterogenität der Populationen vorgeschrieben. In diesem Beitrag stellen wir Ergebnisse von Wertprüfungen der in Deutschland zugelassenen Winterweizen-Populationen vor, die 2016/17 und 2017/18 gemäß den Richtlinien für landwirtschaftliche Wertprüfungen und Sortenversuche des Bundessortenamts durchgeführt wurden. Erfasst wurden der Ertrag,...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Breeding; Genetics and propagation Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://orgprints.org/36185/1/Beitrag_258_final_a.pdf
Registros recuperados: 13
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